Written during the Cold War as a direct response to the threat of totalitarianism and mass psychology, this short urgent essay argues that the greatest danger facing modern humanity is the suppression of the individual by the mass — and that the only antidote is the difficult lifelong project of self-knowledge. Jung insists that no political or social solution can substitute for the inner work that each person must do to become genuinely themselves rather than an interchangeable unit of the collective. For men who feel absorbed by roles, institutions, or ideologies, this book is a call to individuation — to the recovery of one's own soul beneath the layers of persona. A lean, fierce, and essential text.